Communications and Media

In his article, Stephen L. Cohen (2010) discussed that having global leadership is not tantamount to becoming an effective leader that can compete globally. Instead, having a global mindset is the key to becoming a good global leader with the mindset being focused on the future. As the industry becomes more culturally diverse, the more modern businesses would need someone with a global mindset to lead the pack. Cohen (2010) gave some pointers on how managers can achiever such.

Problem Statement
According to Cohen (2010), the problem is that people is misled by what they think global leaders should be. A lot would equate a good global leader to being well travelled, speaking different languages, being schooled elsewhere and managing a culturally diverse team (Cohen, 2010). Unfortunately, says Cohen (2010), this is not what it is all about. If that is the current mentally, then business leaders would not be able to sustain their businesses for long.

Procedures
Describing workforce current and workforce trend beyond 2010
Defining what global mindset is
Defining global leadership
Defining global leadership mindset
Listing how to acquire global leadership mindset
Listing how to develop global leadership
Conclusion
Flaws in Procedural Design

Cohen(2010) actually was very methodical in proving his points. He stated there is a problem, he proved his points why such things are a problem and then he sought out to describe what he believes, according to research, and what should be done.

Analysis of Data
What is striking in Cohens article is how he attacked the topic in such a methodical and scientific way. It is like seeing a diagram which has no charts but if one is to make one, it can easily be done. The fact he made great emphasis on is world aging, especially those in developed country. But he also made an exemption for China, it is true that retail companies in the US should consider nowadays what will happen in 2025 when Chinas 200 million workers will be aged 65 and above. Given Chinas one-child policy, where shall cheap labor shift 2025 is not even that far off. Already, it is only a decade and a half away. Given all the rage nowadays in America using China as a gateway to reduce costs, are companies ready for another shift Though  not specifically posing this question, what Cohen did instead is guide managers to what they can potentially do.

Cohens definitions of what global leadership, global mindset, etc. is surprisingly action related. The article can actually pass for a chapter in a self-help business book. More importantly, his research and suggestions on how one acquires global leadership and mindset and how to develop those attributes are right on the spot. Of course, it is rather broad but it seems the whole prelude about global trends, definition of global mindset and leadership is just leading to that. The article would pose questions to the manager regarding the longevity of his business operations luckily it gave pointers on how to overcome the threat.

In conclusion, Cohen (2010) acknowledged that being a good leader is a culmination of different factors. It is very important to remember that the quest for a global mindset is continuously changing. Acquiring knowledge about global trends should never end. A firm must consistently develop its globalization policies if it wants to stay afloat in the future.

Conclusion
Cohens article was an eye-opener. Current managers must acknowledge that some very important decisions must be made soon so the company can adapt to future global trends.

The New York Times article entitled Tea Party Lights Fuse for Rebellion on Right is an article that sheds light on what an increasing number of the American society has deemed to be very important  a thorough insight about what the Tea Party Movement is all about.  For those people who agree on what the people who belong in this movement stand for, this article makes it easy for them to give their consensus as to why previously non-partisan members of the American society has grown keen on defying the present administration under Barack Obama.  On the other hand, there are also those people who are on the side of the incumbent who would most probably shrug off this article, citing that what this article contains is merely biased and unjust.

Fairness and Balance as Important Elements of Journalism
By all means, the media has a powerful effect on the people.  What we have to understand, then, is that not everything that is provided for us by the media is true and accurate.  There is also the need to be critical of the information that we receive from the media.  That said let us now take a look at the source of this news text.

First of all, what we need to be reminded of is that this article is written by David T. Barstow, a renowned journalist who has been excelling in the field of investigative journalism.  Investigative journalism is a field of journalism that deals with systematic research, substantial and qualitative interviews, and impeccable knowledge of journalism rules.  The responsibilities of those people who are adept at this type of journalism are to probe deeper into the status quo.  By reading this article about the Tea Party Movement in a journalistic point of view, you would realize that the article is thoroughly researched.  Mr. Barstow has even cited several sources, which works well in strengthening the key points of what this article wants to convey  that indeed, there is pubic unrest which has taken root from the peoples discontent with the current US government, under Mr. Obama.  However, it can also be noted that the sources cited in this article are mostly from the side of the tea party movements supporters.  This creates a notion that the article has a bias for the right-wing extremists because it does not delve on the other side of the spectrum  the side of the Americans who puts high regards for the people who agree on what Mr. Obama has been doing for his people.  Due to the fact that the person who wrote this article is once acclaimed as a winner of the Pulitzer and has been practicing Investigative Journalism as a profession, it is evident that he is adept at the rules of journalism as well as in the standards of media ethics.  By deciding not to cite the perspectives of those people who believe that the Tea Party Movement is wreaking havoc in the American society, a notion that Mr. Barstow is siding with the right-wing extremists is created.  Of course, this is perfectly understandable because journalists and even media owners have their own biases and these biases are reflected on the news articles that they write or publish in the media organizations that they belong to.  All political news is delivered to the public through media intermediaries  journalists and media owners  and they have their own biases and agendas.  (Jackson, R.J.  Jackson, D., 1997).

This explains the reason behind the tone and writing style of this article, which is ultimately on the side of the Tea Party Movement.
A Thorough Look at Social and Economic Factors

Several parts of this article made mention of a retired woman of 66.  According to the text, the said woman never used to engage in politics she only went out of her way to participate in the Tea Party Movement when the recession swept the country and her family experienced difficulties.  On the last part of the article, it can be noted that her husband has the same stand that she has taken with regards to the Tea Party Movement.  Accordingly, political ideologies within the family are shaped by the family members.  The family is an important socializing agent.  It can even be instrumental in instilling political loyalty. (Jackson, R.J.  Jackson, D., 1997).  This point is vital in noting that the current economic status of a family has an effect on how the members of that familys perception on social movements would be.  A state or a government that is able to take care of its people would not be threatened by public unrest in the likes of rallies, demonstrations and gatherings of groups who are eager to overthrow the people in power.  However, if the government fails to tend to the needs of the people, the people would look for other means to protect their best interests even if that means that they have to be vigilant in defying the present government.

Thus we say that there is an interconnection between economic factors and social factors when it comes to public unrest.  Indeed, a group of people who are unhappy about the state of their economic affairs would push for change.  In instances where it is not possible to push through with that change through political reforms because of the complexities entailed in these reforms, the transformation can transpire through social movements.  This is evidently what has become the case in the lives of those people cited in the article Tea Party Lights Fuse for Rebellion on Right  all of whom were ardent supporters of the Tea Party Movement.

A famous Florentine nobleman, Niccolo Machiavelli alludes to the probability that the groups who are discontented with their leader may opt to conspire with one another.  True enough previous experience shows that there have been very many conspiracies.  Although only a handful of these conspiracies have turned out well, the point still stands.  Discontented groups may indeed seek support from one another.

By reading the article Tea Party Lights Fuse for Rebellion on Right more closely, it would become noticeable that there are many groups like the Tea Party Movement in the United States groups that are also battling from the political agendas set by Mr. Obama.  With the integration of these groups, there would be more forms of machinery for them to stage a successful rebellion.

A Glimpse at the Political Context
The public unrest that is depicted in the article feeds on the peoples fear of tyranny.  As we all know, a tyrannical government will not do good for the country and for the people.  Instead, it would only result in chaos and political turbulence.  For the longest time, we have seen that left-wing radicals have initiated uprisings and these have paved way to more positive changes in the democratic ruling of the state.  At this point, it seems that the tables have turned.  It is no longer the left-wing radicals who are actively opposing the government rather, it is those people from the right-wing who are pushing for drastic change.

One of the top priorities of the Tea Party Movement is to put a stop to the healthcare reforms that are being pushed by Mr. Obama.  As Mr. Obama goes nearer to achieving his goal, the people who do not want this change to take place, such as those people from the Tea Party Movement, are strengthening their group by making allies and affiliations with other groups, in the hope that together, they can be able to resist the reforms that Mr. Obama intends.  Niccolo Machiavelli believes that it is possible for discontented groups of people to form a coalition against the government if they are not happy with how their ruler is leading the nation.  He further delves into the situation by adding that one of the most potent remedies against a conspiracy is not to be hated by the mass of the people.  In the case of Mr. Obama, the healthcare reforms that he wants to instigate would result in adding up to some of the peoples dissatisfaction.  This tells us that public unrest stems not only from social and economic factors rather, it also takes root when political machineries threaten what the people perceive as their security, stability and welfare.

On Le Monde
The power of globalization is vast.  It does not simply stop at aspects of consumerism.  In fact, even journalism is affected by globalization.  The media is expanding in terms of audience reach and content.  Because of the growing number of people who are concerned about the social, economic and political plight pf other states, it became necessary for media organizations to cover important stories and events about other nations.

As one of the more influential nations in the international community, the affairs of the United States of America is an important concern for many people, regardless of religion, race and culture.  The international media entity Le Monde is among those media organizations that are likely to feature the Tea Party Movement because it is a growing movement that deserves media attention.  Moreover, the growth of communications technology in recent decades has dramatically increased the impact of the mass media on the political cultures of states (Jackson, R.J.  Jackson, D., 1997).

Should Le Monde come up with a story that features the Tea Party Movement, their approach to that story would largely depend on who they assign the story to.  The person who would be tasked to write the story would have the option to feature the Tea party Movement objectively.  He or she may also opt to write the story using the standpoint of a left-wing radical or a right-wing extremist.  In the end, it is still the reader who would think critically before believing in what he or she would read in the newspapers.

Network, the movie released in 1976, directed by Sidney Lumet and written by Paddy Chayefsky, delves on the intricacies that prevail in the corporate environment of T.V. networks in their quest to garner major viewerships in their respective audiences.  It lays bare the unfortunate consequences that individuals and corporations alike are being subjected to in pursuit of the said goal, often times sacrificing the very integrity of their profession.  More importantly, Network has allowed us to witness the ethical struggle that is commonly labeled to the mass media industry that of being true to ones principles of balanced and fearless news reporting, and of practicing the profession exclusively for the purpose of ratings.

Responses
Frank Hackett, which was played by Robert Duvall, had displayed a management style that is first and foremost overly-conscious of the authority that his position holds.  This is especially evident in the manner wherein he had terminated employees, however great their past contributions to the company may be, whenever he had perceived them as having nothing more to offer, thus earning him the moniker of The Hatchet Man.  Likewise, he regarded individuals, even the top echelons such as the President of their news department, as mere objects that did not require from him to be awarded with due respect.

Diana Christensen, which was played by Faye Dunaway, had a semblance of the managerial characteristics of Hackett, especially in the manner that she had often times displayed her totalitarianism.  These were accomplished either by granting sexual intimacies to those in key positions, or by aggressively vetoing for her suggestions on how programs should be run.  Although superficially she seemed to be democratic on the contributions of her staff, ultimately only two factors tend to be the bases for her actions how to exact cooperation according to her design, and how to manipulate others for the advancement of her career.  Likewise, her description of herself as having a masculine temperament was meant for the viewers to understand that her drive for perfecting her craft is just like that of a mans, and that she will do everything in her influence to achieve the present goal that she had set, and afterwards will just be as exuberant in her next project.  It is worth noting that she had stated this during the mid-1970s, where it was still atypical for a woman to be as career-aggressive as a man.  The employment of this statement was done in order to solidify to the viewer, her personality.

Max Schumacher, whose role was played by William Holden, despite of being granted a limited time to display his managerial skills, was able to exhibit a democratic style of management wherein everybody in his staff, including his superiors, were encouraged to contribute to the betterment of the entire project.  Thus, it was evident in the film that he was well-loved and well-respected by his co-employees.  This was especially evident in the scene wherein he, together with Howard, was recounting a humorous incident during their younger years to a group of subordinates.  Likewise, he displayed the strength of not being a willing pawn to the whims of his superiors.  He courageously stood for what he believed was right even at the risk of being terminated from his work.

Clarence Jensen, who was the ultimate authority in UBS and with whom Howard Beale had a meeting at the latter part of the movie, exhibited a managerial skill that is leadership based on example.  This was especially evident as he himself, being the top honcho of the corporate hierarchy, knew exactly how to deal with the eccentricity of Beale by explaining step-by-step on how his show ought to relate to its audience.  Likewise, Jensens insistence on keeping Beales show on air despite of the steady drop in ratings displayed his knowledge on the importance of truth to be taught to the masses, irrespective of monetary gains.      

In the movie, Network, Frank Hacketts life was Union Broadcasting System itself.  It encompassed his goals, aspirations, emotions, struggles, and had been the sole basis of his career decisions.  His impersonal method of management was represented by how he decided on certain tasks, most evident of which were the manners that he terminated several employees and his personal instigation of the plot to kill Howard Beale.  On the other hand, Diana Christensens inclination to manipulate others through sex, plus her relentless drive for professional success may be based on her private life as a divorcee whose independent living is characterized by casual sexual intimacies with whomever she deemed helpful in her careers advancement.  Thus, just as she was insensitive in her private life as can be witnessed in her manner of approving to kill Beale, she too was in relegating professional decisions.  In both of the cases with Hackett and Christensen, Max Schumachers personal life was the most complete.  He had a wife of 25 years and two daughters whom he is proud of, and these factors made his professional decisions more humane.  Likewise, this was also the reason why he, compared with the other two aforementioned, seemed to have a clear distinction between what is moral or ethical and immoral.

As the film enters the phase where Max and Diana had a romantic affair, it was apparent that the news companys ethical standards suffered even deeper.  Perhaps it was due to the fact that Max was no longer with them to counter propositions of this kind, thus making it easier for them to plot terminations and to exploit certain situations and individuals for the good of the stations ratings.

This kind of professional environment necessitates for a person to consistently remind himself of the highly-esteemed principles surrounding journalism, whether it is in print, radio, TV, or other mediums of the craft.  He must adhere to these teachings and learn from the courage of those who stood against such overwhelming inducements to abandon these tenets and focus entirely on ratings, such as Max Schumacher.        

Contemporary Significance        
When news departments of TV stations place too much emphasis on ratings that it becomes a more significant tenet than that of fair and fearless reporting, it then takes on a form of an entertainment program, where agendas are custom-fitted to the desires of the masses.  In addition, several modifications had to be implemented that may result in the alteration of truth in order for the said news program to be among the top raters.  One example of this unfortunate practice is the manner that Fox News Channel handles their programs, specifically that of Bill OReillys The OReilly Factor.  It has been a well-known fact how controversies were created by the said program during the 911 attack that involved disproportioning of Red Cross funds just to create a stir, and on how his labeling of a physician as a Killer eventually resulted in his assassination.

However, compared with OReillys, there is still much truth to the gospels preached by Beale.  It was particularly evident that the statements made by him were of such gravity that the powers-that-be necessitated for his death in order to preserve their authority over their corporate kingdom.  Three of these prove to be eternal truths.  First is his statement, The tube is the Gospel, the ultimate revelation.  This tube can make or break Presidents, Popes, Prime Ministers.  This tube is the most awesome God-damn force in the whole God less world (Gottfried, 1976).  Another is, What is finishedIts the individual thats finishedThis is no longer a nation of independent individuals.  Its a nation of two hundred odd, transistorized, deodorizedas replaceable as piston rods (Gottfried, 1976).  Last is The whole worlds people is becoming mass-produced, programmed.  The whole world has become humanoid, creatures that look humans but odd (Gottfried, 1976).  These parables tell of the truth that had prevailed prior to his coming, likewise during his career, and has lingered until this present age, almost four decades after they were written.                    

Paddy Chayefsky
Paddy Chayefskys Network has been considered as a masterpiece primarily because of two important reasons it has exposed to the world the existing conditions that are prevailing in the network industry, and it widened our perception on the vagueness of truth.   Likewise, he was able to articulate to the viewing public the exact measures being undertaken by various companies in order to assure themselves of high ratings, often times even willing to forego with the principles of responsible journalism for their own self-serving goals.

Chayefsky, through the portrayal of Beales character, was able to present arguments pertaining to the truth that mass media offers.  First of these is the line, Well tell you anything but the truth (Gottfried, 1976).  This signifies the reality that media companies will never present to their viewers any form of truth that they perceive will be too harsh for the public to accept.  Thus, everything that they present will be edited, shaped, and molded in such a way that it would be possessing of less damaging effects than what it truly is.  Another is the line, You think were truth and your lives are unreal (Gottfried, 1976).  Primarily, this is an articulation of the misconception that people seem to view what the mass media presents as the best way to live their lives, be it in fashion, political stance, beauty and health regiments, and even in religious inclinations.  As it is, it is a misguided belief in medias omnipotence, and the need to standardize their lives according to these measures.  Last is through the line, Everything television touches is destroyed (Gottfried, 1976).  Here, because of the ill effects of commercialism and the need to always fit to the expectations set by the media, there exists a strong tendency to destroy ones self in the process of this struggle.  It has been often witnessed in individuals whos image are products of media hype, such as entertainers, actors, media personalities, and the like, who seemed to be perplexed at the reality of where their private and professional lives intersect.  It is disillusionment as it is a disenchantment that they believe that their commercial value is an accurate representation of who they truly are as a person.              

The media has been known for the past few years to be the most effective method of passing information to the public, compared to the previous days for one to own a television set was expensive and only the newspaper and the radio were used by many people to pass information. Nowadays with the improvement on technology nearly every house can afford to have a television as they are cheap and affordable and many companies have decided to use the media especially the television to advertise their products and use each convincing way to persuade the customers to try their product and do their best to show how superior their product is compared to other products.

According to De Mooij (1994) he states   The purpose of advertising  such as greater volumes to be sold, to inform of new products and to establish competitive advantages  are interwoven with the working of the free market economy and the economies of scale and competitiveness that it brings. Advertising helps to build strong brands, stimulates innovation, and advertising expenditure has brought about an increase in the range and variety of media available. (P.503-504)

The goodness with advertising is it makes people aware of a product or service available in the market that are new that are improved and developed from time to time as the manufacturer does not expect the consumers to keep track of the new developments by themselves and it is their duty to inform them of the changes through advertising. Advertisement are also used to tell how superior a certain product is better than the competitors product, how easier it is to use, ingredients are superior than others, better than the product of its competitor, healthier for you and all those sweet words that will be used to describe how superior is the product. In the past people knew the superiority of certain brands and they trusted it because of the promised goodness.

As adverts keeps the community updated on the improvements of the existing products and the creation of new ones unfortunately everything that is good has its bad side as some of the adverts undergo the set rules and regulations that govern them and goes further to an extent of giving false promises to customers heaven that is not in the products.

 For example advertising is being used as a way of brainstorming people and some end up using inferior products that have been bought at a high price and in the real sense it is not worth it. Others have been forced to lower their products and sale at a loss due to competition from other products and makes people run for inferior products believing they will get the same effects and quality as advertised. The media can not educate people when it comes to what is wrong and what is right when it comes to products choosing because most of their income is generated from advertisements. Advertising have both positive and negative effect and with the current trends it can be difficult to quantify, as there are some effects that can be clearly seen as they arise over an extended period and affect the way our society functions. For example the short attention span behavior can be linked to a 20 second advertisement, which in turn dictates how adverts are to be developed in order to have the most impact and a long lasting impression in the mind of the audience targeted.

In game shows like The Price is Right, Supermarket Sweep and Lets Make a Deal, the endorsement of consumerism may be difficult to detect. Made ambiguous by a game plot, the advertising elements of these shows are usually not consciously recognized by the audience during the viewing. Yet in the show Lets Make a Deal, when certain products are glorified as legitimate prizes while others are labelled as Zonks  unwanted booby prize, there is clearly positive publicity for some of those commercial products categorized as legitimate prizes. Viewers can proceed to make powerful associations between desirability and these products, even though there is a lack of thorough consideration for the products strengths. By simply conferring a status on them, the game show effectively persuades its viewers through the peripheral route that the products it showcases are highly desirable in society, thus encouraging the mindless consumption of it.

What will make a product sell more will depend on the credibility of the sources who have used the product and who is advertising. Advertisers are very cunning people and can use all the methods to make sure their product sale more and the best example is some of the advertisers hire beautiful women with special qualities, use some of the famous songs and even cartoon characters to attract children products regardless of whether that product is good or bad the funs of those celebrities will just buy anything just for imitation. To curb this problem customers should always go for products that have been in the market for a long time and been approved to meet the markets standards even if the products are expensive. Better an expensive product that will serve the intended purpose well than a cheap one that wont serve the purpose well. This clearly states that the purpose of advertising does not include imposing harmful images, or claiming unnecessary promotion of product consumption but it is done to increase competition, freedom of choice from the diversity of products available in the bazaar and also to prop up innovation.

The negative impact of advertising depends with the advertiser after he has done thorough market research to discover what is missing and the weak area of their product and their target customers and audience awareness and up to this point they dont think on the negative aspects their advert will have on the target audience and the community at large. A good example is how the several industries target their audience and the manner it exploits their insecurities to sell their products, the way news agencies relays and present their news content, they report crime and political scandals, break down political issues to right and wrong debates, thus exploiting our insecurities of a safer world and we can only feel safer when we are informed, hence we watch the news.

Definitely the key aim of advertising intent is to make us buy their product and they achieve this by studying their target audience, getting to know us intimately, find our fears and desires and ultimately exploit them in order to achieve a profit margin. The problem with this is that by exploiting the fears and desires of an entire society, we continue to maintain a dysfunctional society full of insecurities, paranoia, cynicism and narcissism.

To end this behavior an advertising agent should be established to approve which advertisement should be aired on the media so as to prevent the negative impact in the society that is caused by advertisement imitation, bad competition and exploitation of the weaker sex in the society.

Lastly the advertisement of alcohol and cigarettes are advertised in a way that attracts minors to use it as they believe they will do something great like those people who are advertised using it. Such products should not be advertised in a way that will intrigue any person to use it and this will help to save our community from the effects of advertisement.

Tunisia has been identified as one of worlds tourist spots. There are many forms of tourism attraction sites such as beach tourism, Saharan tourism, golf tourism and culture tourism. Being at the center of Mediterranean sea, Tunisia has a range of beach tourist attractions (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Climate conditions in the nations as a tourist attraction gives tourists a variety ranging from the temperate rainy winters and hot dry summers in the northern region to the desert climate on the south (Infoplease, 2005). In the recent past, the nation has increasingly witnessed a growth in sports and health tourism. In culture, the nation is marked with a unique cultural identity. This has been closely attributed with the cultural influences brought by all the empire once established in the nation (Hosni, 2000).

Others include the governments increasing interests in developing the tourism sector as a major source of income for the nation. This has led to increased load infrastructure such as roads, airports, accommodation and reliable tour guide services (Hosni, 2000). Still, traveling to the land from nations like America, Canada and European community among other states does not require the possession of a travel visa (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). This serves as an encouragement as it eliminates the procedural processes involved in accessing legal authority for visiting Tunisia. Therefore, with its variety of historical sites, unique cultural identity and reliable infrastructure for facilitating tourist activities, Tunisia is no doubt a place one will enjoy visiting.

Tourism attractions in Tunisia
There are a number of cultural and historical site tourist attractions in Tunisia. Though Tunisia is mostly recognized for its beach resort holidays, the nation has various historical sites of tourist importance (Curtis, 1996). There are archeological remains of the Carthage, which signify the city during the Phoenician and Punic times, way back in 6th century BC. According to historians, this city was the center of the once powerful empire that spanned across the entire south Mediterranean (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Still evident in the Carthage city is the many archeological remains of the Roman Empire which replaced the Phoenician and Punic and reconstructed the city. The remains of the Roman Empire are also found in other regions like the El Jem which has been established as one of the Tunisian UNESCO world heritage site (Hosni, 20000.

Touring in the Saharan desert is fun. According to tour analysts, Tunisia boosts some of the most accessible and quite beautiful desert scenery in the Saharan region. Of great importance is the scenery at the village of Matmata (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). This village has the troglodyte dwellings which have been thought as being a set for the young Luke Skywalkers home of Totooine. To the central western area of the desert is beautiful Saharan dune scenery (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Also found in the desert is the Jugurthas table, a large mesa found to the northeast region. The table has a moon-like surface coupled with deep crevasses and is mainly accessed from El Kef town (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Traditionally playing golf in the desert is no longer a dream owing to the opening of the international golf course in 2006, but it is nevertheless a fun tourist engagement. Indeed, Saharan desert golf has remained to be a leading source of tourist attraction in the nation.

Jerba is another interesting tourist site. This island covers 200 sq. mile to the south experiences sunshine all year round (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). This makes it a good site for sun seekers as it gives a simple and relaxed lifestyle. Another special feature in this island is that it houses the Ghriba, one of the oldest Jewish shrines in the world (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Ancient architecture arts of the Arab-Islamic community are a major attraction to tourists. Such architecture includes the Great Mosque of Kairouan, the Moslem Worlds fourth holiest city and a major site for Islamic pilgrimage, and the Great Mosque of Ezzitouna, at the center of the old city of Tunis (Curtis, 1996).

Beach resort tourist is the most common kind of tourism activity in Tunisia and is mainly predominant along the Mediterranean coast (Curtis, 1996). The main activities include sunbathing, diving, sailing and fishing along the big stretches of the white Mediterranean beaches. Major beach resorts are Jerba, Tabarka, Sousse, and Hammamet. Still on the Mediterranean coast the presence of the El-Kantaouis 27-hole golf course tourism complex which is a leading reason for increased sports tourism in the nation (Curtis, 1996). Another unique feature in the Mediterranean cost is the perched village of Sidi Bou Said (Curtis, 1996). This village gives a unique scenery of domes, blue and white balconies and arched doors sparkling against the sea.

Cultural tourism is another common form of tourist attraction in Tunisia. The country has been under the leadership of many empires from Phoenician and Punic, to Roman, to French. According to historian all of these empires have left a significant cultural influence in the nation (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). As examples are the treasure the people give to the historical sites associated with the Jews, Romans and the Phoenician and Punic. On the influence of the French is their language, the official languages in Tunisia are Arabic and French languages. Health tourism is also practices particularly from North America and European nations (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002).

Transport services and infrastructure
Transport is quite reliable in the Tunisian nation. To get into Tunisia, one can either use plane or a bout. Tunis-Carthage International Airport located near Tunis is the main international airport for scheduled flights (Infoplease, 2005). The airport is well connected to the center of Tunis by taxis and bus. Though taxis are ready available, their being expensive prompts many to use the bus which comes roughly after every half-hour. Another useful international airport is the Habib Bourguiba, Skanes-Monastir (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). This is termed as the cheapest chartered plane airport but only serves flights from the United Kingdom through the Thomas Cook airlines. It has been claimed that by May 2010 tourists will be able to use Jet2.com to land in Monastir.

Thought Habib Bourguiba, Skanes-Monastir and Tunis-Carthage International Airport are the major international airports for chartered planes, there are other many airports which serve both national and international flights. Such include Sfax Thyna airport in Central East Tunisia, Tabarka November 7th 1987 located to the North West Tunisia, Djerba International Airport in Djerba Island in South East Tunisia, and Tozeur Nefta Intl Airport near Tozeur which gives a direct connection to South West Tunisia (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). Ferries can also be used for transport into Tunisia. Tunisian ferry services links include Tunis to Malta, Trapani, Naples, Genoa, and Marseille.

While contacting tourists activities in Tunisia, are a variety of transport modes to chose from. First, one can use plane services which are mainly offered by the domestic airline of Tunis, SevenAir. The planes provide services to Tunis, Tozeur, Djerba, Gabes, Malta and Bizerte. Unlike what some people might claim, taxi transport is usually reasonably fair provided you engage in price agreement prior to the service (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). For example, the cost of taxi transport from Tunis to Hammamet is estimated to be 40 euros.

Road transport is quite effective in Tunisia particularly on the highways (InfoPlease, 2008). This is because they are structured with a dual carriageway. The allowable speed limit in Tunisian highways is usually 110kmhr and roads are usually written in Arabic andor French. Just to be appreciated is the fact that there are three major dual carriageway highways in Tunisia namely A-1 connecting Tunis south to Sfax, A-2 linking Tunis north to Bizerte and A-3 which runs from Tunis west towards Oued Zarga. Other highways are single carriageway marked with roundabouts and speed limits of about 75kmhr (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). It has also been established that road signs and lane markings in Tunisia are seen as theoretical unlike in other countries were violation of such is regarded a serious crime.

For road transport, one car use cars when linking between short distances andor for increased privacy. Louages, a form of shared taxis are also common particularly in areas were there is no train or bus. The advantage of using this type of cars is that they operate on fixed prices (Infoplease, 2008).

However, they are not timed as they rely on capacity typically eight passengers per car. Bus transport is found to be most suitable for transport between major cities due to its being economical and safe. Trains are also effective and reliable and comfort with three classes. A good thing with train transport is that one can purchase a blue card whose value is low and lasts for one week. This benefit is strengthened by the fact that one can use the card in any train, thus using short distance trains can serves a person to tour many areas of interest (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002).

 Accommodation, traditional foods and hospitality
Accommodation services facilities in Tunisia include hotels and apartments. It has been established that some Tunisians usually offer their private apartments to tourists. Almost all tourist attraction sites are a huge number of tour resorts for rent (Hosni, 2000). However, during summer, the number of tourists is quite high making hotels to be fully booked. It is due to this reason that visits are usually advised to do hotel or apartment booking online or through a phone call prior to their visit .to Tunisia.
Tunisian foods are usually served with their traditional couscous and marqa stews. Another distinctive characteristic of Tunisian foods is that includes the use of chili sauce and tiny olives which is local found in plenty (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). A special type of snack goes by the name tajines. This is a form of omelette-like pie usually prepared using with a mixture of meat ragout and vegetables in which herbs, legumes and offal are added before enriching it with eggs and cheese and then baked in a deep pie dish. The most common form of meat is lamb meat but other local seafood is in plenty.

Tunisia is predominantly an Islamic country. Therefore, the availability of alcohol is quite restricted only to some licensed restaurants and resort areas (Hosni, 2000). Still, to be noted is that large department stores and supermarkets are allowed to sell beer, wine and imported hard liquor except during the Muslim holiday periods. Just to be appreciated here is the fact that some resorts refuse to accept female tourists so it could be a good idea to confirm with the resort management before checking in. some famous drinks in Tunisia include Celtia which is a popular local alcoholic beer, celestia a local non-alcoholic beer and the Tunisian wine. Tea and coffee are common and usually served in a traditional way (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002).

Some tips to make your visit to Tunisia fruitful
Tunisian population is made up of 98 percent Muslims (Hosni, 2000). This means that dressing code is quite important particularly for women. This is mainly dictated when one is not at the beach or in hotel complexes. Also, available statistics clearly show that the residents of the south most regions of the Tunisian nation are more conservative. This is why tourist visiting the nation should be warned of the dressing codes when visiting such regions. Talking about local politics by visits is quite discouraged particularly in public places. Therefore, it is advisable that one avoids discussing politics with people they do not know.

Conclusion
It has been established that Tunisia is a major destination of beach resort tourism (Curtis, 1996). However, other forms of tourism attraction are quite common such as historical and archeological finding of the Phoenician and Punic and Roman empires in the nation. Others include Jerba as interesting tourist site (The Tunisian National Tourism Office, 2002). This island covers 200 sq. mile to the south experiences sunshine all year round. This makes it a good site for sun seekers as it gives a simple and relaxed lifestyle. Another special feature in this island is that it houses the Ghriba, one of the oldest Jewish shrines in the world.

Tourism in Tunisia is highly promoted by the governments efforts to improve the sector since 1987 (Hosni, 2000). Such involvements have seen the expansion of the transport linking all tourist attraction regions. Over the years also, the tourism sector has seen remarkable growth hotels and resorts, a move which encourages more visitors. Environment conservation have been given top priority by the government not only fort improving the lives of the citizens but also encouraging tourism. Therefore, Tunisia is no doubt a country one should visit for a memorable experience.

University Computers in Education

Introduction
The modern age has witnessed the rise in the use of computers in carrying out various functions. Computers are used in communication such as sending and receiving e-mails as well as chatting using social networks such as Facebook. Today, computers are gaining more usage in academic and research institutions. Students use computers for research when writing their academic papers for school purposes. It is now faster to find learning resources such as digital books and journals online other than depending on conventional libraries. Furthermore, majority of students have diverted from the normal routine of learning to accessing education through online educational institutions (Osin, 1998). These changes in the way of accessing education have brought a concern regarding to the possible decrease of importance of teachers in the classroom. Although classroom human teachers remain imperative in learning process, computers have transformed education in both positive and negative ways.

Computers have greatly enhanced students achievement. For instance, students motivation is increased especially when teachers use computers to enriching a particular lesson. Examples can be presented with rich animations using presentation programs and these lessons tend to form a more permanent memory among students. Furthermore, the use of computers in classroom has helped to prepare the students for the outside world as well as to offer resources and experiences that the books are not able to provide. The motivation among students has been increased due to the use of computers. Students have tendency of losing interest when a human teacher is in classroom lecturing. Schools that use computers always have higher student attendance than the ones without (Collis et al, 1996). Students are challenged and become more independent when using the computers than without. The use of software in class to carry out various operations has made learning to be an enjoyable process. Students always want to explore new fields and computers provide their requirements

Students become enthusiastic with the lesson when they are taught using computer technology. Lessons can be interesting when using technology rather than using the blackboard and the textbooks. For instance, if the class is studying Biology, a drawing on the blackboard can not be illustrated well like when using computer simulations (Murphy, 2000). A computer can show three dimensional objects as well as exact illustrations of such elements being studied. The chances of a student to remember images of body organs are very high compared to when the student is using a textbook. In mathematics, students use graphic calculators to assist them to conduct advanced problems more efficiently (Gado, 2006).

Computers prepare students for the outside world. In the current job market, one has to be computer literate in order to secure a job. Any student, who does not have the essentials of computers applications, will not survive in the job market. It is difficult to train a person who does not know anything concerning computers.

I For a person to be to be marketable he has to have some experience in handling computers, otherwise the candidate may be turned down for a job interview.
         
Although computers have been voted to promote learning, there are some major drawbacks of using computers in classroom situations. Computers tend to make students reluctant as they do not struggle to collect information since everything is available at the click of a button. The power to think and imaginations declines since just by putting in one word on the search engine, the whole information opens up. Students have difficulties in learning spellings, calculations and tables since they depend entirely on computers and their skills for memorizing, fast thinking and applications are not developed properly (Kibbi, 2005).

A computer is dormant way of teaching. Children have lost touch with the real world and have lived in a virtual world due to increased usage of computers. Everything is shown through power point presentation on screen which does not have the same impact on children as live things are so much exiting. Availability of computers in classroom for every student is another challenge. In most cases, schools does not have enough computers to cater for the needs of every students hence this brings up the problem of scheduling and rotating students to the computers available.

In conclusion, people have often assumed that the role of teachers is becoming less and less important because computers have been supporting some students to improve in their studies faster than when compared with a normal classroom. However, it should be understood that in the same class, students have different understanding capabilities some would be slow learners while others would be fast learners regardless to whether computers are used or not. Use of computers could enable students to progress in acquisition of knowledge at their own pace using computers instead of learning from teachers. The presence of teachers is very important for students since the impact of contacts with them influence them positively.

Summary
Although WGMU Radio has a mission of playing what listeners want, it has not lived to its expectations. The Radio had been played outsourced programs that play music which listeners are not familiar with. In addition Radio presents are not allowed to give any information on where the programs are outsourced from and most of them do not like the music. A survey among the students revealed that majority were not satisfied with the radio. In order to live up to its mission, it should restructure its programs to reflect the needs and preferences of its listeners.

Problem and background
A school radio station is an important communications tool that can be used to reach all students. A school radio station does not only serve the purpose of communication with students but it also plays other important roles like entertaining students, staff, and surrounding community.  However, school radios station, which is located out of George Mason University, has not been in a position to play this role owing to a number of reasons.

The main problem with school radio station is that it is located outside George Mason University and programming, timing, and guides are controlled by an outsourced third party company.  This means that it is the third party who decides what music will be played in the station and when it will be played.  Unlike in other situations where consumers, who in this case are the listeners, dictate what the radio station is to play, listeners in this case do not have a say in what is to be played.  The radio station does not in any way put into consideration the choices of students and schools faculty members.

In an interview with Sam, who is the music director for the radio station, it became evident that even the radio station staff is not allowed to disclose from the region from which the music is outsourced from.  They are prohibited by the management to disclose information on outsourcing of the programs.

Some of the employees who work on the radio station have expressed that they are not satisfied with the music played in the radio. They do not like playing music that is not in touch with their listeners. However, they are forced to continue playing this music because they are forced to do so by the department. If the employees in the station are not in touch with the music they play, who do they expect to listen to their music How do they expect to inspire their listeners

As a results, students and faculty members have been forced to listen to music they are not interested in and the overall effects is decrease in the number of listeners who tune to the radio station every day. This has reduced the competitiveness of the station and greatly undermined its value and purpose in the University.  The main reason for having this radio is to inform the students and the faculty members of important matters regarding the institution and at the same time provide entertainment. However, the noble functions continue to be constrained by lack of sense of ownership on the part of the University community because the school radio reflects an outside culture.

Recommendations
In order to assist the radio to pay its noble purpose as medium of communication for the university, a number of changes should be implemented. It is important to note that the mission of WGMU Radio reads like Music. Moving Forward. Were always talking about what you want to hear on WGMU.  However, WGMU Radio has not lived to this mission as it does not factor the needs and preferences of its listeners.  Radio is a mass media communication tool. Considered to be one of the most influential tools in any society, the radio draws its influence from its connection with members.  This means that if WGMU Radio has to live up to its mission statement, it has to create connection with the listeners and get them involved. To live up to this mission statement, the following need to be implemented in WGMU Radio

The programming in WGMU should be re-instituted.  This means that WGMU Radio has to put in place a new program that will reflect the needs and preferences of its listeners.  It has to draw its inspiration from its listeners. This means that more than three quarter its programs should be constituted of members input. Instead of outsourcing programs, WGMU need to rethink of how it can get local programs listeners can identify with.

WGMU Radio staff should interview students and the faculty members in order to understand what they feel about their programs. They should ask what students and faculty members feel about the radio station, what they likes and dislikes about the station and generally what they think should be improved to make the radio more appealing and inspiring. When listeners feel that their views are integrated in the radio programs, they would feel more connected to the radio programs and this would increase the demand and value of the radio station.

If these changes are implemented, the radio will become an important communication asset for the University such that even if it is located outside the United Stats or locally from George Mason University, it will become an important marketing tool that can also be used to advertise local business, increase university revenues, and at the same time increase the number of listeners through polling students since they will become participants.

Evidence
In order to understand the student feelings about WGMU Radio and what should be done, I carried out a survey in which 50 students participated. The survey was administered through a question that requested student to first rate their satisfaction with the radio and then pick the best alternative to improve it. The following were the results

The results of the study shows that on 1 respondent was very satisfied with the radio station and majority, 29 respondents were not satisfied with the radio station. This was a call for take strategies to restructure the radio.

The following were the suggestion that were made to restructure the radio station

From the study, it was evident that majority of the people wanted WGMU radio to change its problem.  About 55 of the participants required the radio program to change to use local programs.